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Which of the following is a negative effect of ammonia (NH3) on broilers?

  1. Poor uniformity

  2. Disease susceptibility

  3. Blindness

  4. All choices are correct

The correct answer is: All choices are correct

Ammonia (NH3) exposure can have several negative effects on broilers, which encapsulates the reasons behind the choices provided. Poor uniformity arises because broilers exposed to high levels of ammonia may exhibit stunted growth or varied health conditions compared to their peers, leading to inconsistent body weights and sizes within a flock. Disease susceptibility is another critical concern, as ammonia can irritate the respiratory tract of birds, making them more vulnerable to infections and diseases. The compromised immune system increases the risk of pathogens causing illness. Additionally, high ammonia levels can lead to blindness in severe cases. The ammonia irritates the eyes due to the high concentration of harmful gases in the environment, potentially leading to physical damage. When considering the comprehensive spectrum of issues that ammonia poses, it becomes clear that all the choices mentioned reflect valid negative effects. Therefore, selecting the option that states all choices are correct accurately captures the detrimental impact ammonia can have on broiler health and productivity.